為防止肺炎疫情持續蔓延，日本首相安倍宣布於 4月8日起，包含東京都、千葉縣、神奈川縣、埼玉縣、大阪府、兵庫縣和福岡縣將會開始實施為期約一個月（2020 年5月6日止）的「警急事態」。企業和民眾被要求要「自肅」，也就是避免不必要的出門和積極實施遠端工作，但這部分並沒有訂出嚴格的標準，也沒有所謂的罰則，所以成效如何需要持續觀察。
雖說是緊急狀態，但和其他國家實施的「封城」、「宵禁」還是有所區別。JR鐵路等公眾運輸目前照常營運（未來可能會減班或調整時間）、超市、便利商店、藥局、理髮院、郵局等等對維持生活必要的服務還是會營業。民眾可以自由出門購買物資，目前也尚未規定一定要戴口罩才能外出。不過，新宿著名的伊勢丹和LUMINE百貨已經宣布了暫時關閉，其他如酒吧、居酒屋、卡拉等等娛樂場所和餐飲設施預計會全數暫時停業。除此之外，小型餐廳和商店要不要關閉基本上看經營者的自主判斷，街上目測還有一成至兩成的店家是維持營運的。
另外，日本政府也宣示要大幅提升檢驗能量，希望能從一日約兩千件提升到十倍的兩萬件。東京都知事小池也將無症狀和輕症的病人也從醫院移轉到政府指定的防疫旅館（目前APA和東橫INN有提供整棟式的飯店供政府使用）以避免醫療崩壞。除了進口口罩之外，企業如Sharp和Toyota也都投入了口罩的生產，希望能夠早日讓民眾買得到充足的口罩。 日本此次措施希望能將人與人接觸降到70-80%以下，如果順利的話預計兩週之後就能看到確診高峰過去，一兩個月後生活能基本恢復正常。也許這是樂觀的預期，但我們也只能希望這會成真，希望大家都能平安健康。
English Version
Japanese government has declared a month-long state of emergency in response to the coronavirus pandemic, which will start from today and last until 6th of May. This applies not only to Tokyo but also six other prefectures: Chiba, Kanagawa, Saitama, Osaka, Hyogo and Fukuoka.
While the state of emergency may sound daunting, Japan’s government is not enforcing a “lockdown” as practiced elsewhere in the world. Individuals are encouraged to stay at home and practice “self-restraint” — avoid crowd-gathering and reduce contact with other by 70-80%.
All services and businesses that are essential to maintain stable living will continue: public transportation, supermarket, convenience stores, pharmacies, post office, police office, clinic and hospitals, so there is not need to panic buying. Restaurants and takeaway chain are left to the discretion of the business owners, therefore some may remain open and some are closed. Museum, library, movie theater, night clubs, izakaya and dining bars are to be closed. Delivery services such as Uber eats will operate as usual.
While public transportation remains open, people are encouraged to stay home. If you have to go out, please wear a mask and keep social distance of 1m outdoor and 1.5 m indoor from others. It is also encouraged that you wash your hands properly and sanitize your clothing, personal items and dining wares at regular intervals.
實用連結
日本7日晚發出緊急事態宣言
https://zh.cn.nikkei.com/…/p…/40085-2020-04-07-00-52-52.html
日本「緊急事態宣言」 對民眾生活的影響有多大？
https://www.rti.org.tw/news/view/id/2058682
東京都COVID-19 疫情的最新狀況
https://stopcovid19.metro.tokyo.lg.jp
當您身體微恙，請聯絡東京保健資訊所
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Useful Links
Emergency declared for 7 prefectures in Japan
https://www3.nhk.or.jp/nhkworld/en/news/20200407\_46/
What happens under state of emergency in Japan
https://www3.nhk.or.jp/nhkworld/en/news/20200408\_05/
What will life in Japan under a state of emergency look like?
https://mainichi.jp/eng…/articles/20200406/…/00m/0na/076000c
Latest updates on COVID-19 in Tokyo
https://stopcovid19.metro.tokyo.lg.jp/en
Coronavirus (COVID-19) Advisory Information
https://www.japan.travel/en/coronavirus/
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